Mathematical Model of Optimization Process of Generating Electricity to the Grid with Solar Power Plants with Use of Apparatus of Fuzzy Sets

Abstract

There has been proposed the mathematical model for optimizing the energy conversion of a photovoltaic station in this article. A photovoltaic power plant is an unstable source of energy. During operation, according to the predicted generation schedule, there may be dips in the generation or regeneration, which is the inaccuracy of generation that is caused by the probabilistic nature of climatic factors, since weather conditions have a significant effect on the generation of photovoltaic stations. Therefore, there is a need to optimize the work of photovoltaic power plants in the transmission of electrical energy to the network. It was found that the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy sets fits perfectly into the mathematical model for optimizing the operation of unstable power sources, in particular photovoltaic stations. As a result, a mathematical model for optimizing the operation of photovoltaic stations was synthesized, which was realized using a mathematical apparatus of fuzzy sets. The application of the mathematical model allows takes into account the influence of the environment and distribution electric networks on the operation of photovoltaic stations in the process of generating and transferring electrical energy to the grid. To ensure the maximum selection of the generated photovoltaic power and to avoid an emergency situation, in the event of overvoltage in the local network, an analysis was made of the factors affecting the energy conversion at the photovoltaic station and which are crucial in the process of this transmission to the network. Based on the linguistic evaluation of the factors influencing the operation of the photovoltaic power station, a knowledge base and fuzzy logical equations were derived to find the weight coefficients. Based on the equations, the computer model of the fuzzy controller was developed and debugged using the Matlab-Fuzzy Logic Toolbox software package library. As a result of modeling the change in the input values characterizing the influence factors on the operation of the photovoltaic station, a regulating factor is formed at the output of the regulator, which in the future must be used to control the inverter when generating electricity to the network.