Organizational and Technological Measures of Thermomodernization of Obsolete Housing Fund

Abstract

Maintaining the housing sector of the economy has become one of the biggest and most important burdens that hinders its development. The data on Ukraine’s imports of energy resources are given and it is shown that the total expenditures for heating buildings were estimated by the Government in some years at almost 9.0 % of GDP.

The specific weight of typical series of low-rise buildings of 1960―1980 is given, the indicators of thermophysical properties of wall materials of external walls are shown. The rate of thermal resistance of enclosing structures of the walls of obsolete buildings is more than 3 times lower than current regulations.

An analysis of the current state of regulatory and legal support for the implementation of thermal modernization of obsolete housing stock. Most government programs could not be fully implemented due to lack of government funding. The authors present an analysis of the main shortcomings of the current legislation, which hampered the thermal modernization of mass housing in the 60―80 s of last century.

It is shown that the relative volume of housing construction in Ukraine is several times lower than in neighboring countries, so thermal modernization simultaneously solves several important tasks ― reducing energy consumption, extending the life of obsolete housing and providing additional housing by adding and adding additional floors and sections. On the example of the main series of typical buildings, the methods of reconstruction (methods of extension and superstructure) are proposed. The basic technological methods of insulation of external walls are given.

It is proposed to improve the current legislation and create favorable conditions for the construction of socially affordable housing, which can serve as a maneuverable housing stock to accelerate the thermal modernization of obsolete housing stock. The European Directive on Energy Efficiency of Buildings 2010/31/EU of 31 December 2020 provides for the construction of new buildings in EU countries with class "A" ― almost zero energy consumption (nearly zero-energy building). In terms of integration of the regulatory framework of Ukraine’s construction to EU requirements and the first stage, it is necessary to move from energy efficiency class "C" to class "B", and in the subsequent to class "A".